What’s inside the Barcode?

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What are the parts of the EAN13 barcodes:
Albert Assaad

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What’s inside the Barcode?
Barcodes are everywhere, we encounter them on nearly every product that we see, have you ever wondered how it works?
There are many types of Barcodes Code 39, Code 128, UPC, EAN… all of them works the same manner but has different design and decompiled by the barcode scanners in different ways.
In this article, we’re gonna take an example of the EAN13 barcode.
EAN stands for ( European Article Number) and 13 cause it contains 13 numbers and it has the following format:
The above barcode when scanned it will generate the same text written below it “9780201379624”.
A converter changes the analog signal to a digital signal which is sent to the decoder.
it has an algorithm to transform those digital signals to an ASCII text that is sent to the computer:
What are the parts of the EAN13 barcodes:
1- First and Last 3 Lines:
As we can see in the above picture the first and the last 3 lines are 1 Black 1 White(which is the empty column) and 1 Black that means the black line represents a 1 in binary and the white line represents a 0.
From those lines, the machine will determine the thickness of 1 and the thickness of the 0
Line (We will see an example shortly).The first 3 bits are known as Left-Hand Guard Pattern and the Last 3 bits are known as the Right-Hand Guard Pattern.
2- The Middle lines:
This is a fixed pattern that always presents in the barcode.
If the Scanner doesn’t find it, it will not acknowledge the EAN13 barcode

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